Bill Hance's Web Site -- computers -- Cisco

CISCO
Routers manufactured by Cisco Systems carry
the vast majority of internet traffic worldwide

Taking the Cisco CCNA exam
    CCNA study guide 640-802 CCNA
          study guide for 640-507 CCNA (CCNA.pdf, circa 2000)
    CCNA exam practice questions 640-802 CCNA

    CCNA Voice study guide 640-460 CCNA Voice

Taking the Cisco CCNP exams

Cisco IOS basics
Cisco 2600 Series overview
rommon

An example - configuring a Cisco 2610

Cisco IOS
CISCO's IOS is based on UNIX

the user exec mode prompt ends with a ">"
routername>
user exec is the base mode, a limited number of commands is available

the privileged exec mode prompt ends with a "#"
routername#
also called enable mode, providing additional control and global information

use the enable command to switch from user exec mode to privileged exec mode
routername>enable
routername#

once a password has been set for the privileged exec mode, you will be prompted for it
routername>enable
Password:
routername#
the password is called the enable secret paswword

to switch from privileged exec mode back to user exec mode, use the disable command
routername#disable
routername>

general configuration mode can be entered from privileged exec mode with the config command
routername#config
routername(config)#
global configuration mode allows the administrator to change global parameters

a specific configuration mode can also be entered from privileged exec mode
routername#config interface
routername(config-if)#
interface-specific parameter configuration is done here

to switch back from configuration mode to privileged exec mode, use the exit command
routername(config-if)#exit
routername(config)#exit
routername#

use
copy flash tftp

moylan01>show version
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (™) C2600 Software (C2600-I-M), Version 12.0(10), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Copyright
Compiled
Image

System image file is "flash:c2600-i-m.120-10"

cisco 2610 (MPC860) processor

moylan01>

moylan01>show interfaces
Ethernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
   Hardware is AmdP2, address is ....
   Internet address is 192.168.0.2/16
   MTU 1500 bytes

moylan01>

after shutting down the router, adding a WAN adapter, and then re-starting the router,
you will see a message during boot:

SETUP: new interface Serial0/0 placed in "shutdown" state

the configure command

routername#configure ?
     memory                        Configure from NV memory
     network                        Configure from a TFTP network host
     overwrite-network        Overwrite NV memory from TFTP network host
     terminal                         Configure from the terminal
     <cr>

routername#

show config

Cisco 2600 Series Routers
_____________________________________________________________
model         10BaseT          Token Ring        10/100 Ethernet                  ram
2610                1
2611                2
2612                1                       1
2613                                         1
2620                                                                      1
2621                                                                      2
2650                                                                      1                            SDRAM
2651                                                                      2                            SDRAM
_____________________________________________________________

Cisco 2600 Series routers can accept
2 WAN interface cards + 1 Network Module:

slot 0     2x WAN interface cards
               slot 0/0
               slot 0/1

slot 1     1x Network Module

DRAM
2x 100-pin DRAM DIMM sockets

FLASH
1x 80-pin SIMM
(where the IOS is stored)

rommon

rommon 1 > confreg
enabled are:
  load rom after netboot fails
  console baud: 9600
  boot: image specified by the boot system commands or default to: cisco2-C2600

rommon 2 > reset

rommon 5 > dev
Devices in device table:
                id        name
              flash:     flash
rommon 6 >

rommon 5 > meminfo

Main memory size:  64 MB
Available main memory starts at 0x100000,

NVRAM size:   32 KB

rommon 6 >

rommon 9 > dir flash:
device does not contain a valid magic number
dir:   cannot open device "flash:"
rommon 10 >
a "bad device name" error may mean the device does not exist

Cisco 2610 Configuration

initial router configuration

Enter host name (Router): moylan01
Enter enable secret password:
Enter enable password:
Enter virtual terminal password:
Ethernet 0/0:  192.168.0.2
subnet mask:   255.255.0.0

moylan01>enable
Password:                                                     enter the enable secret password, and press <cr>
moylan01#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
moylan01(config)#interface ethernet 0/0
moylan01(config-if)#ip address 192.168.0.2 255.255.0.0
moylan01(config-if)#exit
moylan01(config)#^Z
moylan01#copy running-config startup-config
Destination filename [startup-config]?            accept the default filename, and press <cr>
Building configuration...
[OK]
moylan01#show interfaces
Ethernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
   Hardware is AmdP2, address is  .....
   Internet address is 192.168.0.2/16
   MTU 1500 bytes
   x
   x

moylan01#

after shutting down, installing T1 WAN adapter, & then rebooting...

C2600 platform with 65536 Kbytes of main memory
    1 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
    1 Serial network interface(s)

SETUP: new interface Serial0/0 placed in "shutdown" state

router #2

System Bootstrap, Version 12.2(6r), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
TAC Support:   http:/www.cisco.com/tac
Copyright © 2001 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
C2600 platform with 65536 Kbytes of main menory

device does not contain a valid magic number
boot:  cannot open "flash:"
boot:  cannot determine first file name on device "flash:"

rommon 9 > dir flash:
device does not contain a valid magic number
dir:   cannot open device "flash:"
rommon 10 >